Konflik Bioetika dalam Fenomena Adu Ayam: Analisis Kesejahteraan Hewan dan Nilai Etik Lokal

Rohim Rohim; Mohammad Haris Musthofa; Irpan Noerdin; Tri Cahyanto

doi:10.62951/switch.v3i6.715

Authors

Rohim Rohim Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
Mohammad Haris Musthofa Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
Irpan Noerdin Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
Tri Cahyanto Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62951/switch.v3i6.715

Keywords:

Animal Welfare, Bioethics, Cockfighting, Maqāṣid Al-Sharī‘Ah, Public Health

Abstract

The phenomenon of cockfighting still persists in various communities in Indonesia as a cultural practice, entertainment, and symbol of certain social identities. However, this practice raises serious issues when analyzed from the perspectives of modern bioethics, animal welfare, public health, and normative religious values, particularly maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah. This study aims to examine the ethical conflicts that arise from cockfighting by analyzing the biological and physiological impacts on animals, violations of animal welfare principles, and tensions between local cultural legitimacy and universal ethical standards. This research uses a descriptive-qualitative approach based on a review of relevant scientific literature, including national and international publications in the fields of bioethics, animal welfare, animal health, and law. The results of the study show that cockfighting systematically causes severe physical injury, extreme biological stress, behavioral disorders, and an increased risk of zoonotic disease transmission, so it can be categorized as a form of organized animal cruelty. From a bioethical and maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah perspective, this practice contradicts the principles of respect for life, non-maleficence, and protection of life and public welfare. The lack of legal protection focused on animal welfare reinforces the urgency of a transformative approach through regulatory reformulation, public education, and the development of non-violent cultural alternatives. This study is expected to serve as a scientific and ethical basis for policy formulation and contextual and sustainable animal protection efforts.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Aina, A. M., & Emmanuel, O. (2017). The Chicken Fallacy and the Ethics of Cruelty to Non-Human Animals. Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics, 8(1), 7-20. https://doi.org/10.3329/bioethics.v8i1.31079

Alotiby, A. (2024). Immunology of Stress: A Review Article. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(21), 6394. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13216394

Arsana, I. G. K. G. (2011). Sambung Ayam (Tajen) Di Bali: Di Antara Ranah Dan Budaya. J. Budaya, 6(2).

Bomfim, V. V. B. da S., Alba, D. J. M., Romeiro, E. T., Oliveira, G. A. de, Franco, E. de S., & Costa, A. C. M. de S. F. da. (2023). Rinhas De Galo, Maus Tratos E Crimes. Revista Ibero-Americana de Humanidades, Ciências e Educação, 9(5), 2433-2443. https://doi.org/10.51891/rease.v9i5.9991

Earley, B., Buckham-Sporer, Gupta, Pang, & Ting. (2010). Biologic Response of Animals to Husbandry Stress with Implications for Biomedical Models. Open Access Animal Physiology, 25. https://doi.org/10.2147/OAAP.S9354

Gustaman, B. (2025). Di Balik Arena Pertarungan dan Pertaruhan: Historisitas Sabung Ayam Berdasarkan Narasi Sumber Lokal dan Kolonial. Fajar Historia: Jurnal Ilmu Sejarah dan Pendidikan, 9(2), 239-256. https://doi.org/10.29408/fhs.v9i2.30586

Hoelzer, K., Moreno Switt, A., & Wiedmann, M. (2011). Animal Contact as a Source of Human Non-Typhoidal Salmonellosis. Veterinary Research, 42(1), 34. https://doi.org/10.1186/1297-9716-42-34

Jeramu, J. (2017). Bioetik: Manfaat Dan Tantangan Bagi Etika Kristiani. Lumen Veritatis: Jurnal Filsafat dan Teologi, 9(2), 49-60. https://doi.org/10.30822/lumenveritatis.v9i2.91

Lucanus, O. (2014). Cultural Justification of Animal Exploitation: A Review of Traditional Practices Affecting Primate Welfare in Southeast Asia. Asian Primates Journal, 7(1), 22-31.

Maurya, R. (2024). Biomedical Ethics in Research and Clinical Practice (hlm. 1-15). https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-4439-2.ch001

Mellor, D. (2016). Updating Animal Welfare Thinking: Moving Beyond the "Five Freedoms" Towards "A Life Worth Living." Animals, 6(3), 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani6030021

Morillas, J. P. M., Dos Santos, A. L., Pereira, D. C., Lima, J. A. Q., & Ferreira, M. J. N. (2024). Internalization of Animal Welfare in Brazil: Advances and Challenges in Protecting the Rights of Non-Human Animals. Contribuciones a las ciencias sociales, 17(2), e5104. https://doi.org/10.55905/revconv.17n.2-081

Nasution, E. K. (2022). Short Communication: Kajian Etik, Kesejahteraan, dan Kesehatan Hewan dalam Fenomena Topeng Monyet. INSOLOGI: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi, 1(6), 915-921. https://doi.org/10.55123/insologi.v1i6.606

Nurholis, M. (2025). Islamic Law and Environmental Sustainability: A Maqāṣid al-Sharī'ah Approach. Journal of Islamic Law Studies, 14, 55-70.

Oktavia, D. (2022). Digital-Based Animal Welfare Education: Increasing Public Awareness through Multimedia Intervention in "Topeng Monyet" Issues. Jurnal Komunikasi Pendidikan, 6(1), 45-56.

Rebollada-Merino, A., Bárcena, C., Barreno, L., Pizarro-Díaz, M., Domínguez, L., & Rodríguez-Bertos, A. (2022). Animal Abuse in Spanish-Breed Fighting Cocks (Gallus Gallus Domesticus). Forensic Science International: Animals and Environments, 2, 100050. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsiae.2022.100050

Risnanda, A. D. (2023). Perlindungan Hukum Dalam Klasifikasi Bentuk Kekerasan Terhadap Hewan Di Indonesia. Res Nullius Law Journal, 5(2), 123-134. https://doi.org/10.34010/rnlj.v5i2.9789

Sari, Y., Friatna, I., & Fithria, N. (2025). Implementasi Sanksi Perjudian Sabung Manuk Menurut Qanun No 6 Tahun 2014 Tentang Hukum Jinayat. Journal of Indonesian Comparative of Syari'ah Law, 8(2), 355-372. https://doi.org/10.21111/jicl.v8i2.14762

Sejati, U. (2018). Law Enforcement Gaps in Combating Animal Cruelty: Lessons from the "Topeng Monyet" Phenomenon. Mimbar Hukum, 30(2), 305-320.

Setiawati, D., Hidayat, S., Akhmaddhian, S., & Budiman, H. (2024). Enforcing the Law Against Animal Cruelty Perpetrators: The Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Health Act. Unifikasi: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 11(02), 144-155. https://doi.org/10.25134/unifikasi.v11i02.774

Sharma, B. (2019). Enhancing Ethical Research. Homœopathic Links, 32(01), 001-003. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685136

Syakira, N. A., Ramadhahana, N. F., Anggita, N. D., Tsaqifa, T., & Husna, R. N. (2024). Dampak Konsumerisme Berupa Judi Online di Indonesia: Perspektif Ekonomi, Sosial, dan Mental. Jurnal Interaktif, 16(2), 73-79. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.interaktif.2024.016.02.3